Doliocarpus schultesianus Aymard from moist forests in the upper Río Negro region (Vaupés department) and D. triananus Aymard from montane forests in Antioquia department, Colombia, are described, illustrated, and compared to their closely related species. Doliocarpus schultesianus is not evidently allied to any other Doliocarpus Rolander species; this new species has inflorescences produced from short shoots (brachyblasts) and young fruit completely covered by stinging yellow trichomes. Doliocarpus triananus is most similar to D. pipolyi Aymard due its chartaceous leaves with margins dentate along the blade and its papyraceous basal bracteoles, but it differs from that species in its leaf and sepal shape, dense pubescence along the midrib and secondary nerves on the lower surface, peduncle patent-pilose, and fruit 10–12 mm in diameter, completely covered by white trichomes. An updated key to the 19 species of Doliocarpus from Colombia is provided.